Jumping into Solar Power? Here Are 12 Important Factors to Consider Before Installing Solar Panels at Home
The shift toward renewable energy is gaining momentum globally, and solar power has emerged as an increasingly popular option among homeowners. Whether it’s the allure of energy independence or the promise of lower electricity bills, the benefits are hard to ignore. But harnessing the power of the sun is a substantial commitment, and there’s more to it than just buying and installing a few panels on your roof.
This post will highlight important factors to consider before installing solar panels at home, equipping you with the essential knowledge to make a well-informed decision. So before you jump into solar, let’s delve into the details to help you navigate this exciting journey to sustainable and cost-efficient energy.
Roof Condition and Placement
Your roof’s health is a critical starting point in your solar panel installation process. An older or damaged roof might need to be repaired or replaced before installation to prevent disruptions once the panels are installed. Sturdy materials like metal, tile, slates, and asphalt shingles are considered ideal for solar panel installations due to their durable nature.
The positioning of the panels is equally important. In the Northern Hemisphere, roofs that face south receive the most sunlight throughout the day and year, making them best for solar. However, roofs facing east and west can also harness enough sunlight with slight efficiency loss. Check the angle of your roof as well. Typically, an angle between 35 and 45 degrees is considered optimum for maximizing sun exposure.
Sun Exposure
The amount of sunlight your house receives directly affects how much energy your solar panels will be able to produce. Areas with plentiful sunshine year-round, such as the Southwestern US, incredibly benefit from solar power. But this doesn’t mean solar is not worth considering in less sunny places. Modern solar panels can still generate power from indirect sunlight and on cloudy or foggy days.
Keep an eye on potential shades, as they can impact the productivity of your solar panels. Buildings, trees, and other structures that cast a shadow on your panels during peak sun hours can significantly reduce your energy generation. Before settling on solar, it might be worth having a solar site assessment done on your property.
Energy Usage
Understanding your energy usage is key to determining the size of the solar panel system you’ll require. If your electricity usage is high, you’ll need more panels to cover those needs. Look at your past electricity bills, and try to understand your consumption patterns. Consider changes that could affect your future energy usage, such as buying an electric car, adding a hot tub, or growing your family.
Also remember, the aim is to balance your yearly electricity demand with the amount of power your solar panels can produce. It’s vital to take into account seasonal variations in solar energy production. Your system might produce excess energy in summer (which can often be sold back to the grid), yet it may underproduce in winter.
Local Regulations
Many regions have embraced solar power, offering incentives like tax credits to homeowners who install solar panels. However, in some areas or communities, there might be regulations or covenants limiting the installation of solar power systems.
Familiarize yourself with local ordinances, potential permit requirements, and homeowners association rules before moving forward. It’s also advisable to seek guidance from local solar installers, who are usually updated on zoning laws, building codes, permit requirements, and rebate programs.
Look into net metering programs in your region. Net metering allows homeowners who generate surplus power to send that extra energy back to the grid and receive credit for it on their utility bill. This can help offset electricity costs when your system production is less than your consumption.
Costs
The cost of solar installation can be a hefty investment, but it’s important to consider it in the context of long-term savings. Your solar panel system can offset your electricity bills for years, often paying for itself in savings over time. Costs can vary greatly based on the size and type of the system, your location, and the complexity of the installation.
Additionally, numerous federal, state, and local incentives exist to help cut down the costs of going solar. For instance, the US federal government offers a significant tax credit to homeowners for solar. The Investment Tax Credit (ITC) is set to grant a 30% discount on solar systems installed between 2022 and 2032.
Do thorough research on all the incentives, grants, and subsidies available in your area. Keep in mind that many of these incentives reduce over time, so there can be advantages to installing solar sooner rather than later.
Installation Company
The choice of an installation company can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of your solar panels. It’s essential to choose a reputable, experienced installer. Check for certifications, customer reviews, and track records. Do they have a solid history of installations? Do they provide guarantees or warranties on their work? What do former customers say about them?
Additionally, consider the company’s customer service. You should choose an installer who takes the time to answer all your questions, explains things clearly, and is responsive to your needs. Installing solar panels is not just a purchase; it’s also a long-term investment that involves a relationship with the installer.
Type of Solar Panels
There are several types of solar panels on the market, each with its own pros and cons. The most common types are monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film panels. Monocrystalline panels are the most efficient but also the most costly. Polycrystalline panels are less efficient and a bit cheaper. Thin-film panels are the least expensive but also the least efficient.
Your choice is likely to be influenced by factors such as available roof space, budget, aesthetic preferences, and desired energy output. A larger roof space might allow you to opt for more, less efficient panels, which could be cheaper, whereas a smaller roof might necessitate fewer, more efficient (and costly) panels to generate needed energy.
Maintenance
Generally, solar panels require minimal maintenance—occasional cleaning and regular inspections are usually enough. However, it’s good to understand what maintenance is involved, particularly depending on your location. For example, in dusty environments or areas with heavy snowfall, panels may require more frequent cleaning to maintain performance.
Account for potential repair and replacement costs in the long term. While solar panels are designed to be durable, the inverters, which convert solar energy into usable household electricity, typically have a shorter lifespan and may need to be replaced during the life of the system. Check the warranties of your chosen solar panels; reputable manufacturers typically offer 25-year performance warranties, which can give you peace of mind.
Environmental Impact
Solar energy, being renewable, has significantly less environmental impact than conventional energy sources. However, it’s beneficial to note that the manufacturing process of solar panels does come with some environmental drawbacks, such as the energy required to produce and transport the panels and potential pollution from panel production.
Some manufacturers are committed to reducing their environmental footprint, using eco-friendly production methods, and offering recycling programs for aged or broken panels. Researching and selecting eco-conscious manufacturers can make your switch to solar energy even more beneficial for the environment.
Backup System
The decision to install a backup system largely depends on whether you remain connected to your local utility grid or you choose to go off-grid. Staying connected to the grid means you can draw power when your panels don’t produce enough, like during nighttime or on cloudy days. It also allows you to feed excess power back into the grid, which could earn you credits on your electricity bill in areas with net metering.
For off-grid systems or if you want energy security during grid outages, you might consider a solar battery storage system. This can store excess power generated for use when needed. However, adding a battery can significantly increase the cost of your solar panel system and may require additional maintenance.
Durability
Solar panels need to be highly durable to withstand various weather conditions, including high winds, hail, and heavy snow. Quality solar panels are designed for this and should be able to withstand harsh weather. Before purchasing, check the manufacturer’s specifications and warranties related to durability.
The mounting and racking system used to attach panels to your roof is equally vital for the durability of your system. These should be engineer-certified for the region in which you live, ensuring their suitability for local weather conditions.
Licensing and Insurance
It’s crucial that your solar installation company is licensed and insured. The license demonstrates that the company meets certain industry standards and has the required knowledge and experience. Insurance protects you and the company in case of accidents or damage during installation.
Check if your own homeowner’s insurance policy will cover any potential damage caused by solar panels or if your premium will change. In some cases, you may need to add a rider to your policy to cover the system. It’s also worth noting that the installation of solar panels could potentially increase your property value.
The Takeaway
Installing solar panels is a significant investment with the potential to bring substantial returns, both financially and environmentally. However, it’s not a decision to be taken lightly, and thorough research is key. From assessing your roof’s suitability, understanding your energy needs, and navigating local regulations and costs to selecting the right type and number of panels and a trustworthy installer—it all plays a pivotal part in your solar journey.
Factor in the potential environmental impacts, the need for a backup system, and the expected durability of the system, and understand the licensing and insurance aspects. All these considerations help ensure a smooth, rewarding transition to solar energy.
Remember, solar power isn’t just about harnessing the power of the sun; it also forms part of a larger commitment toward a sustainable, energy-efficient future. With careful planning and thoughtful decision-making, you’ll be well on your way to reap the remarkable benefits of this radiant resource.